EASTMAN AMERICAN FILM (Stripping Film)

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Survey of Negative Processes Paper-Based Processes


Contents

[edit] historical background

  • patented 1884

(NADEAU, LUIS, 2006, p 212)

  • forerunner: 1875 stripping film by Leon Warnerke

(NADEAU, LUIS, 2006, p 212)

  • gelatin emulsion on paper for 100 exposures
  • round images with 64mm diameter

(COE, BRIAN, 1986, p 52 et seq.)

  • 1888 first rollfilm camera by Eastman (under the name „Kodak“) loaded with Eastman American Film, development only possible by Eastman, whole camera had to sent in.

(EDER, JOSEF MARIA, 1930, p 260 et seq.; NADEAU, LUIS, 2006, p 212; COE, BRIAN, 1986, p 52 et seq.)

[edit] process

  • gelatin emulsion on paper (soluble gelatin layer in between)
  • developed negatives with emulsion down squeezed onto a collodion coated glass plate
  • hot water on it, paper base can be stripped off
  • thin gelatin sheet (moistened with water and glycerol) pressed against the emulsion
  • collodion protection layer on top
  • whole package can be peeled off the glass.

(McCABE, CONSTANCE, 1996)

In the end one has a thin gelatin emuslion on an additional layer gelatin, this package lies between two layers of collodion and so it is quite waterproof.

(PEDERSEN et al., 2005)

[edit] variations

e.g.

  • DEUTSCHE EMULSIONSBLÄTTER
  • EMULSIONSKARTONS
  • CARDINALFILM
  • GLASOLIN-FILM (several producers for stripping films )

(NADEAU, LUIS, 2006, p 212)

  • further temporary bases with stripping emulsion: collodion, hardened gelatin, mixture of collodion and gelatin

(EDER, JOSEF MARIA, 1930, p 252 et seq.)

[edit] References

  • COE, BRIAN, 1986. Das erste Jahrhundert der Photographie 1800-1900. Bindlach: Gondrom
  • EDER, JOSEF MARIA, 1930. Ausführliches Handbuch der Photographie. Band 3, Teil 1. 6. Auflage. Halle a.S.: Knapp
  • McCABE, CONSTANCE, 1996. Preservation of Stanton Negatives. In: Robert H. Webb ed. Grand Canyon A Century of Change, Rephotography of the 1889-1890 Stanton Expedition. The University of Arizona. 34-35
  • NADEAU, LUIS, 2006. Encyclopedia of Printing, Photographic and Photomechanical Processes (1st eBook ed., V.1.1.). Fredericton, NB (Canada)
  • PEDERSEN et al., 2005. Pedersen, Karen Brynjolf; Kejser, Ulla Bøgvad; Johnsen, Jesper Stub; Christensen, Mads Chr.. Coatings on Black-and-white Glass Plates and Early Film. In: Constance McCabe ed. Coatings on Photographs. Washington D.C.: AIC. 108-131

[edit] Gallery

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